The Cosmological Physics and Advanced Computing (CPAC) Group at Argonne National Laboratory focuses on precision cosmological probes of dark energy, dark matter, inflation, and neutrino physics. Our research aims at elucidating some of the most exciting and deepest problems in all of physical science. Most of our work is concerned with predicting and observing the dynamics of cosmological structure formation and the associated initial conditions as determined by the physics of the early Universe. We have close ties to ongoing and next-generation sky surveys such as the Dark Energy Survey (DES), the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), the Vera Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), the NASA MIDEX mission SPHEREx, the South Pole Telescope (SPT), and CMB-S4. A key activity within CPAC is science with cutting-edge large-scale computing, including leadership roles in DOE's Exascale Computing Project and in the DOE SciDAC program. Within Argonne, CPAC is part of the High Energy Physics Division, and maintains strong links with Argonne's Computation, Environment, and Life Sciences (CELS) Directorate, including the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility and the CPS, DSL, and MCS Divisions.